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The Effect of Salt Concentration on Growth and Yield of Two Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Lines

Received: 24 September 2016     Accepted: 8 October 2016     Published: 16 January 2017
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Abstract

A nursery experiment was conducted during the summer of 2007 at the nursery of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, latitude 15° 40' and longitude 32° 32', to investigate the effect of salt concentration on growth and yield of two lines of forage sorghum. The salt levels were: the control that no salt was added to the tap water, adding 40 gramme of NaCl to a liter of tap water to give an electric conductivity (E. C.) of 6 dsm-1, adding 50 gramme of NaCl to a liter of tap water to give E. C. of 8 dsm-1 and adding 60 gramme of NaCl to a liter of tap water to give E. C. of 10 dsm-1. The two lines of sorghum were R5 and KHS. The treatments were randomly assigned in a Factorial experiment as completely randomized design with ten replications. The growth parameters that were measured included: stem diameter (mm), average relative growth rate (ARGR), and average relative leaf area rate (ARLAR), dry weight per plant, in addition to the percentage of some elements. The effect of the treatments on stem diameter was significant regarding the two selected genotypes only at 37 and 48 days after sowing, while there was no significant difference between salt levels and the interaction at all sampling occasions. On the other hand, the effect of the treatments on ash, Na+ and P was not significant, but the effect of the genotypes and the interaction on K+ was significant. Average relative growth rate increased with plant age, and KHS line was superior to R5. Average relative leaf area rate decreased at the end of crop life and R5 genotype obtained higher ARLAR that was 3.7 than KHS, which were 3. 4 with the overall mean 3.5.

Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.aff.20160506.20
Page(s) 280-284
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Salinity, Forage Sorghum, Biological Harvest of Salts

References
[1] Abusuwar, Awad Osman and Abbaker, Jamal Ahmed (2009). Effect of Different Concentrations of Red Sea Water on Germination and Growth of Some Forage Species. Desertification and Desert Cultivation Studies Institute, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
[2] Ahmed, A. B. (1995), Impact of Soil Water Management on Salt Leaching and Forage Sorghum Growth in Shambat Soil, M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
[3] Ahmed, E. E., and Ahmed, F. E. (2007). Crop Productivity under Stress Environment. 1st. ed. Khartoum University Printing Press, Khartoum, Sudan.
[4] Allen, J. A. Chambers, J. L. and Stine, M. (1994). Prospects for Increasing Salt Tolerance of Forest Trees: A review. Trees Physiology 14: 843-853.
[5] Ames, M. and Johnson W. S. (2000) A Review of Factors Affecting Plant Growth, University of Nevada, Reno.
[6] Brady, U. C. (1974). The nature and properties of soils, 8th edition: Chapter 14: soil reaction: Acidity and Alkalinity pp 372-402. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York. U.S.A.
[7] Devline, R. M and Wisman, F. H. (1993). Plant Physiology, 4 the edition. AlDar Alarabia, Cairo, Egypt.
[8] El Tayeb, O. E. (1991). Effect of Sowing Methods and Fertilization on the Productivity of Fodder Sorghum in a Saline-Sodic Soil, M.Sc. Thesis (Agric.), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
[9] Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical Procedure for Agriculture Research, 2nd edition, John Wily and sons, New York. U.S.A.
[10] Jenks, Matthew A. and Hasegawa, Paul M. (2005). Plant Abiotic Stress. Center for Plant Environmental Stress Physiology. Purdue University. Indiana, USA.
[11] Johnson, C. B. (1981). Physiological Processes Limiting Plant Productivity, 1st edition, William Clowes, London. Greet Britain.
[12] Levitt, J. (1972). Responses of Plants to Environmental Stresses. Volume II Water, radiation, salt, and other stresses. 1st edition. Academic Press, New York, USA.
[13] Mohammed Ahmed, B. A. (1988). Effect of Irrigation and Fertilization on Wheat (Triticum astivum) Growth on Salt Affected Soil, M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture. University of Khartoum, Sudan.
[14] Netondo, Godfrey Wafula. Onyango, John Collins and Beck, Erwin (2004). Sorghum and Salinity: I. Response of Growth, Water Relations, and Ion Accumulation to NaCl Salinity. CROP Physiology & Metabolism. Crop Science Society of America. 44:797–805. 677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[15] Owens, Susan. (2001). Salt of the Earth, Genetic engineering may help to reclaim agricultural land lost due to salinsation. European Molecular Biology Organization. Reports vol.2 no. 10.
[16] Pessarakli, Mohammad and I. Szabolcs, (2011). Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress, Soil Salinity and Sodicity as Particular Plant/Crop Stress Factors. Third edition. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742. USA.
[17] Reeney, R. H. and Miller, D. R. (1982). Method of Soil Analysis, part 2, Chemical and Microbiological Properties, number 9 (part 2) in the series. American Society of Agronomy, Inc. Soil Science society of America, Inc. Publisher Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A.
[18] Sobhanian, Hamid. Motamed, Nasrin.Jazii, Ferdous Rastgar. Nakamura, Takuji, and Komatsu, Setsuko. (2009). Salt Stress Induced Differential Proteome and Metabolism Response in the Shoots of Aeluropus lagopoides (Poaceae), a Halophyte C4 Plant. National Institute of Crop Science, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6455, Iran, and National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 14155-6343, Iran.
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    Maha Zein Elabdein Gaffer Omer, Abdelwahab Hasan Abdalla. (2017). The Effect of Salt Concentration on Growth and Yield of Two Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Lines. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 5(6), 280-284. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.20

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    ACS Style

    Maha Zein Elabdein Gaffer Omer; Abdelwahab Hasan Abdalla. The Effect of Salt Concentration on Growth and Yield of Two Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Lines. Agric. For. Fish. 2017, 5(6), 280-284. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20160506.20

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    AMA Style

    Maha Zein Elabdein Gaffer Omer, Abdelwahab Hasan Abdalla. The Effect of Salt Concentration on Growth and Yield of Two Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Lines. Agric For Fish. 2017;5(6):280-284. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20160506.20

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  • @article{10.11648/j.aff.20160506.20,
      author = {Maha Zein Elabdein Gaffer Omer and Abdelwahab Hasan Abdalla},
      title = {The Effect of Salt Concentration on Growth and Yield of Two Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Lines},
      journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
      volume = {5},
      number = {6},
      pages = {280-284},
      doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20160506.20},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.20},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20160506.20},
      abstract = {A nursery experiment was conducted during the summer of 2007 at the nursery of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, latitude 15° 40' and longitude 32° 32', to investigate the effect of salt concentration on growth and yield of two lines of forage sorghum. The salt levels were: the control that no salt was added to the tap water, adding 40 gramme of NaCl to a liter of tap water to give an electric conductivity (E. C.) of 6 dsm-1, adding 50 gramme of NaCl to a liter of tap water to give E. C. of 8 dsm-1 and adding 60 gramme of NaCl to a liter of tap water to give E. C. of 10 dsm-1. The two lines of sorghum were R5 and KHS. The treatments were randomly assigned in a Factorial experiment as completely randomized design with ten replications. The growth parameters that were measured included: stem diameter (mm), average relative growth rate (ARGR), and average relative leaf area rate (ARLAR), dry weight per plant, in addition to the percentage of some elements. The effect of the treatments on stem diameter was significant regarding the two selected genotypes only at 37 and 48 days after sowing, while there was no significant difference between salt levels and the interaction at all sampling occasions. On the other hand, the effect of the treatments on ash, Na+ and P was not significant, but the effect of the genotypes and the interaction on K+ was significant. Average relative growth rate increased with plant age, and KHS line was superior to R5. Average relative leaf area rate decreased at the end of crop life and R5 genotype obtained higher ARLAR that was 3.7 than KHS, which were 3. 4 with the overall mean 3.5.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The Effect of Salt Concentration on Growth and Yield of Two Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Lines
    AU  - Maha Zein Elabdein Gaffer Omer
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    AB  - A nursery experiment was conducted during the summer of 2007 at the nursery of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, latitude 15° 40' and longitude 32° 32', to investigate the effect of salt concentration on growth and yield of two lines of forage sorghum. The salt levels were: the control that no salt was added to the tap water, adding 40 gramme of NaCl to a liter of tap water to give an electric conductivity (E. C.) of 6 dsm-1, adding 50 gramme of NaCl to a liter of tap water to give E. C. of 8 dsm-1 and adding 60 gramme of NaCl to a liter of tap water to give E. C. of 10 dsm-1. The two lines of sorghum were R5 and KHS. The treatments were randomly assigned in a Factorial experiment as completely randomized design with ten replications. The growth parameters that were measured included: stem diameter (mm), average relative growth rate (ARGR), and average relative leaf area rate (ARLAR), dry weight per plant, in addition to the percentage of some elements. The effect of the treatments on stem diameter was significant regarding the two selected genotypes only at 37 and 48 days after sowing, while there was no significant difference between salt levels and the interaction at all sampling occasions. On the other hand, the effect of the treatments on ash, Na+ and P was not significant, but the effect of the genotypes and the interaction on K+ was significant. Average relative growth rate increased with plant age, and KHS line was superior to R5. Average relative leaf area rate decreased at the end of crop life and R5 genotype obtained higher ARLAR that was 3.7 than KHS, which were 3. 4 with the overall mean 3.5.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), Gezira Research Station, Wad Medani, Sudan

  • Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan

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