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The Ancient Shells Were Studied by X-ray Diffraction and Electron Probe

Received: 27 September 2019     Accepted: 17 October 2019     Published: 5 November 2019
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Abstract

What changes have they made since the shells were buried in the ground for thousands of years? The geological crystallography book records that the physical properties of the aragonite structure are unstable and will eventually be converted into calcite. This is probably also a theory copied from abroad, and no one in the country has ever studied it. The crystal structure of the test substance can only be measured by an X-ray diffractometer, and geologists seem to not be familiar with crystallography. Now I plan to use X-ray diffraction to verify the correctness of this theory? It turns out that after a long geological time, not only did the aragonite not become calcite, but the grain grew up again - "single crystal" and even calcite decreased, proving that this theory is wrong. Carbon 14 (C14) is used to determine the geological age of some artifacts. Now using the electronic probe to detect the "double Chen weathering hole CC" of the ancient shell, it may be used as another method to determine the geological time.

Published in Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 8, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.11
Page(s) 86-93
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Marine Biology, X-ray Diffraction, Aragonite Structure, Calcite Structure, WDX-Electron Probe, CC-double Chen, Weathered Hole

References
[1] Zhang Xi, Qi Zhongyan. The Outline of Shellfish [M]. Beijing: Science Press 1961.
[2] Sonjinjiayi. The canon of pearls. Beilong Pavilion, 1965.
[3] Xiaolinxinerlang, Dubuzheguang. Pearl Research [M], Xiong Daren Translation, Beijing Agricultural Press, 1966.
[4] Jiang liangjun, 1960. Mineralogy ii [M]. Beijing: metallurgical industry press.
[5] Rock ore research office, department of geology, nanjing university, 1978. Crystallography and mineralogy [M]. Beijing: geological press.
[6] Handbook of mineral X-ray powder crystal identification [M], guiyang institute of geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1978. Mineral X-ray powder crystal identification manual. Science press.
[7] Professor kwang-ming liu sunny's blog, http://blog.sina.com.cn/drgmliu.
[8] Chen Guiqing, Chen Junhao, Zhang Xiujun. The crystal structure of the Pinctada maxima shell, the. Pinctada margaritifera shell, the Pinctada nigra shell and the Pinctada martensi shell [J]. Marine Drug 1985, 4 (1): 20-22.
[9] Chen Junhao, Chen Guiqing. Pteria (Magnavicula) penguin shell, Pinctada chemnitzi shell, Pinna atropurpurea shell and Perna viridis shell crystal structure [J]. Marine Drug 1986, 5 (1): 20-23.
[10] Chen guiqing, Chen junhao, Chen piao. Study on the natural pearl and shell of Pinctada martensi. Marine Drug 1986, 5 (3): 4-7. In 1987, he was awarded "excellent paper award" by Marine drug.
[11] Chen guiqing, Chen junhao, 1988. Crystal structure type of shell [J]. Chinese Marine drug, 1-2: 21-29.
[12] Chen Guiqing, Chen Junhao. New conclusions about the crystal structure of pearls and shells. Applied Oceanographic Journal, Vol. 36, No. 4, Nov. 2017/11, P. 528-531.
[13] Chen junhao and Chen guiqing. Crystal structure and application of pearls and shellfish [M]. Jinan university press, December 2018.
[14] Cao boxun. AMS carbon C14 dating method and analysis. Baidu library - education - higher education - science. In 2014.
[15] Reshui redaction. Carbon -- dating and prehistoric archaeology in China [M]. The one they called bean mesh. 2013/7/22.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Chen Junhao, Chen Guiqing. (2019). The Ancient Shells Were Studied by X-ray Diffraction and Electron Probe. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 8(6), 86-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.11

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    ACS Style

    Chen Junhao; Chen Guiqing. The Ancient Shells Were Studied by X-ray Diffraction and Electron Probe. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2019, 8(6), 86-93. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.11

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    AMA Style

    Chen Junhao, Chen Guiqing. The Ancient Shells Were Studied by X-ray Diffraction and Electron Probe. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2019;8(6):86-93. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.wros.20190806.11,
      author = {Chen Junhao and Chen Guiqing},
      title = {The Ancient Shells Were Studied by X-ray Diffraction and Electron Probe},
      journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
      volume = {8},
      number = {6},
      pages = {86-93},
      doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20190806.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20190806.11},
      abstract = {What changes have they made since the shells were buried in the ground for thousands of years? The geological crystallography book records that the physical properties of the aragonite structure are unstable and will eventually be converted into calcite. This is probably also a theory copied from abroad, and no one in the country has ever studied it. The crystal structure of the test substance can only be measured by an X-ray diffractometer, and geologists seem to not be familiar with crystallography. Now I plan to use X-ray diffraction to verify the correctness of this theory? It turns out that after a long geological time, not only did the aragonite not become calcite, but the grain grew up again - "single crystal" and even calcite decreased, proving that this theory is wrong. Carbon 14 (C14) is used to determine the geological age of some artifacts. Now using the electronic probe to detect the "double Chen weathering hole CC" of the ancient shell, it may be used as another method to determine the geological time.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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    JO  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
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    AB  - What changes have they made since the shells were buried in the ground for thousands of years? The geological crystallography book records that the physical properties of the aragonite structure are unstable and will eventually be converted into calcite. This is probably also a theory copied from abroad, and no one in the country has ever studied it. The crystal structure of the test substance can only be measured by an X-ray diffractometer, and geologists seem to not be familiar with crystallography. Now I plan to use X-ray diffraction to verify the correctness of this theory? It turns out that after a long geological time, not only did the aragonite not become calcite, but the grain grew up again - "single crystal" and even calcite decreased, proving that this theory is wrong. Carbon 14 (C14) is used to determine the geological age of some artifacts. Now using the electronic probe to detect the "double Chen weathering hole CC" of the ancient shell, it may be used as another method to determine the geological time.
    VL  - 8
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Author Information
  • Institute of Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

  • Institute of Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

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